(calculus) A function f : X→R (where X is a subset of R, possibly a discrete set) that either never decreases or never increases as its independent variable increases; that is, either x ≤ y implies f(x) ≤ f(y) or x ≤ y implies f(y) ≤ f(x).
(Boolean algebra) A Boolean function with the property that switching any one input variable from 0 to 1 results either in no change in output or a change from 0 to 1.